Everything about Samuel Epstein Geochemist totally explained
Samuel Epstein (
December 9,
1919 –
September 17,
2001) was a
Canadian-
American geochemist who developed methods for reconstructing
geologic temperature records using
stable isotope geochemistry. He was elected to the
United States National Academy of Sciences in 1977, and a fellow of the
Royal Society of Canada in 1997.
Biography
Sam Epstein was born in
Kobryn,
Belarus, then part of
Poland, and as a child his family emigrated to
Winnipeg, Manitoba. After receiving a B.Sc. in
Geology and
Chemistry (1941) and a M.Sc. in
Chemistry (1942) from the
University of Manitoba, Epstein completed his Ph.D. at
McGill University under the supervision of
Carl A. Winkler in 1944. His thesis focused on the synthesis and reaction kinetics of
high explosives, including
RDX and
HMX. Epstein subsequently worked for the Canadian Atomic Energy Project for several years.
In 1947, Epstein moved to the
United States to begin a research fellowship with
Harold Urey's group at the
University of Chicago. While at Chicago, Epstein, along with Ruth Buchsbaum, Heinz A. Lowenstam, C. R. McKinney and others developed the carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale, allowing ancient ocean temperatures to be determined from precise measurements of
18O/16O in geological samples of calcium carbonate. This method is still the most widely used geochemical
climate proxy for locations and times not sampled in
ice core records.
Epstein joined the faculty of the
California Institute of Technology in 1952, and continued to explore the new field of
stable isotope geochemistry. He and his students used
mass spectrometry to study natural variations in the isotopic abundances of
hydrogen,
carbon,
oxygen and
silicon, with applications to
archeology,
biochemistry,
climatology, and
geology.
Epstein remained at
Caltech as a Professor and Professor Emeritus until shortly before his death on September 17, 2001.
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